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Sicarii
Sicarii (Latin plural form of Sicarius "dagger-man"; in Modern Hebrew rendered ''siqariqim'' סיקריקים) is a term applied, in the decades immediately preceding the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, to an extremist splinter group〔Nachman Ben-Yehuda, (The Masada Myth: Scholar presents evidence that the heroes of the Jewish Great Revolt were not heroes at all. ), The Bible and Interpretation 〕 of the Jewish Zealots, who attempted to expel the Romans and their partisans from the Roman province of Judea.〔Martin Goodman, ''Rome and Jerusalem: The Clash of Ancient Civilisations'' (2008,:407) talks of ''sicarii'' practising "terrorism within Jewish society".〕 The Sicarii carried ''sicae'', or small daggers, concealed in their cloaks, hence their name.〔Paul Christian (Who were the Sicarii? ), ''Meridian Magazine'', June 7, 2004〕 At public gatherings, they pulled out these daggers to attack Romans or Roman sympathizers, blending into the crowd after the deed to escape detection. They were one of the earliest forms of an organized assassination unit or cloak and daggers, predating the Middle Eastern assassins and Japanese ninjas by centuries.〔Pichtel, John, ''Terrorism and WMDs: Awareness and Response'', CRC Press (April 25, 2011) p.3-4. ISBN 978-1439851753〕〔Ross, Jeffrey Ian, ''Religion and Violence: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict from Antiquity to the Present'', Routledge (January 15, 2011), Chapter: Sicarii. ISBN 978-0765620484〕
==Etymology==
The Latin word ''sicarii'' translates to "dagger-wielders", from the root ''secare'' Latin for "to slice"; in Roman legal Latin it is the standard plural form of the term for a murderer, or for putting a murderer on trial (see e.g. the ''Lex Cornelia de Sicariis et Veneficiis'')〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Definition of sicarius (noun, LNS, sīcārius) - Numen - The Latin Lexicon - An Online Latin Dictionary )〕 during that period of legal Latin.
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